Resource regeneration of ternary battery

    At the beginning of the year (January 26), in order to strengthen the management of new energy vehicle power battery recycling, standardize the development of the industry, promote the comprehensive utilization of resources, protect the environment and human health, ensure safety, and promote the sustainable and healthy development of the new energy vehicle industry, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Science and Technology , Ministry of Environmental Protection, Ministry of Transport, Ministry of Commerce, General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine, and Bureau of Energy jointly issued the "Interim Measures for the Administration of Recycling and Utilization of Power Batteries for New Energy Vehicles", which came into effect on August 1, 2018. Some industry experts have comprehensively calculated from the aspects of enterprise warranty period, battery cycle life, vehicle operating conditions, etc., after 2018, new energy vehicle power batteries will enter large-scale retirement, and it is expected that the cumulative total will exceed 200,000 tons (24.6GWh) by 2020. , If 70% can be used for cascade utilization, there will be a total of 60,000 tons of batteries that need to be scrapped.

    The recycling of batteries has always been a difficult problem. In the production and recycling of lead-acid batteries in the past few years, there was no complete recycling system for waste lead-acid batteries, which caused great pollution to the environment. According to relevant data, less than 30% of the 3.3 million tons of waste lead-acid batteries produced annually in my country were recycled formally. Even in Beijing, which has a high degree of urbanization, the recycling of waste lead-acid batteries is not ideal. "Beijing Daily" reported that only 1% of waste lead-acid batteries have entered the formal recycling channels, and a considerable portion has entered the "black market." Inadequate supervision and penalties have caused many illegal companies to enter the lead-acid battery recycling market. Some small workshops and black-hearted manufacturers dismantled indiscriminately, not only wasting raw materials that could be recycled, but also greatly destroying the local environment, polluting the soil and pollution. Water quality.

     Following the government's heavy environmental protection and high-pressure rectification, and the introduction of various policies to improve the industrial chain, the pollution and recycling problems of lead-acid batteries have been effectively improved. In recent years, as the production and sales of new energy vehicles have continued to increase, the production and sales of corresponding power batteries have also expanded significantly. In order to avoid going back to the old path of lead-acid batteries, the policy has begun to recycle before the first batch of used power batteries is coming. The market is managed.

    On July 27, the Department of Energy Conservation and Comprehensive Utilization of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the first in accordance with the requirements of the "Industry Standards for the Comprehensive Utilization of Waste Power Batteries for New Energy Vehicles" and the "Interim Measures for the Management of Industrial Standards and Announcements for the Comprehensive Utilization of Waste Batteries for New Energy Vehicles". List of enterprises approved the "Industry Standard Conditions for Comprehensive Utilization of Waste Power Batteries for New Energy Vehicles". There are five companies on the list, namely Huayou Cobalt, Highpower Technology, GEM, Bangpu Cycle and Guanghua Technology.

    One of its main businesses is battery recycling. For GEM, the dismantling business of electronic waste has always been one of the company's key strategies.        GEM stated that it will actively explore the operation model of renewable resource stockyards and transform and upgrade its urban mining business. GEM took the lead in proposing the industrial concept of "limited resources and unlimited circulation", actively advocated the exploitation of "urban mines", and solved the key to the green treatment and recycling of typical waste resources such as used batteries, electronic waste and end-of-life automobiles in China. Technology, in Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Henan, Tianjin, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanxi and Inner Mongolia and other provinces and cities and Durban, South Africa to build the 16th National Congress of Recycling Industrial Park, to build a large cycle industrial chain of waste batteries and power batteries, cobalt, nickel and tungsten Five major industrial chains including resource recovery and cemented carbide industry chain, electronic waste recycling industry chain, end-of-life automobile comprehensive utilization industry chain, waste residue, waste mud, and waste water recycling industry chain, with a total annual waste treatment of more than 3 million tons . From the composition of GEM's 2017 operating income, we can see that the comprehensive utilization of waste resources accounted for 48.55% of the company's total operating income, nearly half.

2017 operating income composition (by industry):

2017 operating income composition (by product):

    Not only is the industry leader GEM’s continued expansion in the field of e-waste, other companies have also begun to vigorously enter. On July 25, it was learned from the official website of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology that the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of The seven ministries and commissions, the Ministry of Transport, the Ministry of Commerce, the State Administration of Market Supervision, and the Energy Administration, jointly issued the "Notice on Doing a Good Job in the Pilot Work of Recycling and Utilizing Power Batteries for New Energy Vehicles." Zhejiang Province has been identified as a pilot area for the recycling of power batteries for new energy vehicles, and the construction of the recycling system is led by Huayou Cobalt. According to the official website of Huayou Cobalt, this pilot will be carried out by related companies led by Huayou Cobalt. The main tasks are the construction of recycling and dismantling sites, the research and development of environmental protection dismantling lines, the improvement of recycling metallurgical recycling rate, the research of metallurgical technology, business model innovation and Standard setting. At present, the company has built a renewable resource project in Quzhou, and the automated dismantling and metallurgical production line under construction is the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology's "Lithium-ion Battery Material Full Life Cycle Green Manufacturing Project". In this project, the purification metallurgical regeneration center radiates the entire Zhejiang.

     Relevant information shows that in terms of the "next-door neighbor" waste power lithium battery of power batteries, the scale of the recycling market created by it will exceed 5.3 billion yuan in 2018, and it will exceed 10 billion yuan in 2020. The waste power lithium battery market will be in 2023. Up to 25 billion yuan. With the increase in the amount of scrapped power batteries, the battery recycling market will usher in a new spring. According to E Chehui report, so far, the echelon utilization and recycling of new energy vehicle power batteries are expected to be carried out sequentially according to the applicable scenarios, and the new energy vehicle industry chain companies have actively deployed the field of battery recycling. At present, some domestic enterprises have begun to take the lead in deploying power battery recycling business.

    At present, BYD, BAIC New Energy, Chery and other new energy vehicle manufacturers, CATL, BAK Battery, GEM, Thornton New Energy and other power battery manufacturers, and Tianneng, Chaowei and other lead-acid battery manufacturers have also been in The field of battery recycling has been laid out successively. SAIC and CATL signed an agreement in March to jointly promote the recycling and reuse of power batteries for new energy vehicles. In May, GEM and BAIC Penglong strategically cooperated to build a new energy vehicle power recovery system, and in May, Guoxuan High-Tech joined hands with the Patrol Eagle to tackle the problem of lithium battery recycling.

    Under the environment of vigorously regulated policies and active entry of enterprises, the power battery market has gradually embarked on a standardized and healthy development path, as Li Li, inspector of the Energy Conservation and Comprehensive Utilization Department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology in the "New Energy In the speech of the “Publicity Meeting for the Traceability Management of the Recycling and Utilization of Vehicle Power Batteries” pointed out that the implementation of new energy vehicle power battery recycling management is an inevitable requirement for building an ecologically civilized society and accelerating the transformation of the economic development mode. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology promotes the development of related work in accordance with the ideas of standardized management, pilot demonstration, policy support, and orderly progress, and requires the entire industry to proactively implement relevant management requirements. Deputy General Manager Li Wei said in his speech that the China Automobile Center will continue to work with the entire industry under the guidance of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology to in-depth and solidly promote the recycling of power batteries, and make new contributions to the construction of an ecologically civilized society.

37 billion yuan market, who will be the next big winner?

    According to calculations by Orient Securities, the power battery recycling market will be prominent in 2020 and will reach 37 billion market space in 2025. According to the estimated annual scrap volume of used batteries, the annual market benefit scale of battery recycling is more than 10 billion yuan. In addition, the "Energy-saving and New Energy Automobile Industry Development Plan (2012~2020)" and other documents also proposed to support relevant companies to carry out battery recycling. Shanghai has issued a policy: the government will subsidize 1,000 yuan per set for the recycling of power batteries for enterprises; Shenzhen will establish Power battery utilization and recycling system: each car manufacturer will spend 600 yuan and the government will use 300 yuan for recycling power batteries. The government's supporting subsidies have made battery recycling more effective. Taking the annual production capacity of 5,000 tons of waste ternary lithium-ion batteries and their production waste as an example, a profit of 48.28 million yuan can be generated each year. In order to compete for this market share, in addition to battery companies, some upstream raw materials and downstream companies, as well as companies specializing in recycling batteries, are accelerating their deployment. However, how to achieve profitability in battery recycling remains a major challenge.

    Sun Xiaodong, vice president of Ningbo Shanshan Co., Ltd., believes that although tiered utilization can reduce the cost of battery life, the financial cost will also increase. If the entire cycle life of a battery pack can reach 5,000 times, for example, for a high-utilization rental car on an electric vehicle, the cycle life is five years and 1,500 times. The cycle life is adjusted through energy storage peaks and valleys, and it can be used for another five years. , It has a cycle life of about 3000 times, and it can also be used on UPS, and finally it is used for material recovery. But a very fatal problem is that as the time limit stretches very long, the financial cost will become very high. In addition, when you cannot grasp the future trend of battery prices, you cannot discount the subsequent use of the ladder, and there is no value when you are the first user. He believes that to combine the use of battery echelon with the business model, the battery swap mode can be used as an option.

     Sun Fengchun, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, also said that from the current point of view, battery recycling does not make money. After the recycling is completed, the sale of these raw materials can only meet 1/3 to 1/2 of the cost of recycling. The government should adopt policies. Give these recycling companies corresponding support or subsidize them, because recycling companies also have to make money, otherwise they will soon be closed. In addition, local governments must also give certain preferential policies, such as land, when establishing a recycling industry.

     Although the vent of power battery recycling has arrived and the market is extremely large, the road ahead is still bumpy. Zhizhi believes that the first batch of electric vehicles on the market have begun to enter the replacement period, and large-scale scrapping of lithium-ion batteries is inevitable. Whether it is from the perspective of environmental protection or maximum utilization of resources, the recycling of power batteries is already on the line. If you want to completely label new energy vehicles with the "green" label, it is indispensable to overcome the hurdle of power battery disposal. Although the current power battery recycling industry is still in its infancy in my country, driven by the country’s continuous intensive policies, coupled with the efforts and cooperation of car companies, battery recycling companies and other related companies, it is believed that power battery recycling will continue in the near future. It will soon develop and mature, making new energy vehicles more green and environmentally friendly.